保定市清苑区模板加工厂

（1）模具的预热 HI3钢合金元素含量较高，导热性能较差，因此模具在工作前应充分预热。预热温度过高，模具在使用过程中温度偏高，强度下降，易产生塑性变形，造成模具表面塌陷；预热温度过低，模具开始使用时，瞬间表面温度变化大，热应力大，易萌生裂纹。综合考虑后H13钢模具的预热温度确定为250～300℃，既可降低模具与锻件的温差以避免模具表面出现过大的热应力，又有效地减少了模具表面的塑性变形。

(1) mould preheating HI3 steel alloy element content is higher, heat conduction performance is poor, so the mould should be fully preheat before work. Preheat temperature, mold temperature on the high side, in the process of using intensity drops, easy to produce plastic deformation, cause mould surface subsidence; Preheating temperature is too low, the mold started using, instantaneous surface temperature change is big, the thermal stress is big, easy to crack initiation. After the comprehensive consideration of H13 steel die preheating temperature for 250 ~ 300 ℃, can reduce the mold and the forging temperature to avoid mold surface appear excessive thermal stress, and effectively reduces the plastic deformation on the surface of the mold.

（2）模具的冷却与润滑 为减轻模具的热负荷，避免模具温度过高，通常在模具工作的间歇对其进行强制性冷却，由此造成模具周期性的激热、激冷作用将会产生热疲劳裂纹。因此，模具使用结束后应缓慢冷却，否则将会出现热应力，从而引起模具的开裂失效。H13钢模具工作时可采用石墨含量为12％的水基石墨进行润滑，降低成形力，保证金属在型腔中正常流动和锻件顺利脱模；此外，石墨润滑剂还具有散热作用，可以降低H13钢模具的工作温度。

(2) the mould cooling and lubrication to reduce mould heat load, to avoid the mold temperature is too high, usually works in the mold of the intermittent mandatory cooling, the resulting mold periodic excitation hot, chilling action will produce a thermal fatigue crack. Therefore, mould should slow cooling after use, otherwise there will be thermal stress, crack failure causing mold. H13 steel die at work can use water-based graphite for lubrication of the graphite content is 12%, reduce the forming force, ensure the normal order of the metal in the cavity flow and smooth demoulding forgings; In addition, the graphite lubricant also have heat dissipation effect, can reduce the working temperature of H13 steel die.